Machi Senjuro
Nishogakusha University / Kyo-u Library, Takeda Science Foundation. Professor / Member of Steering Committee
日本の医学文献の所蔵機関 ―武田科学振興財団杏雨書屋を中心に―
医学文献の豊富さは、東アジア世界の中で日本文化を特徴づけるものである。また、医学史・医療史は日本研究の一分野として位置付けられるべきものであり、すでに多くの先行研究の蓄積もあるが、その研究教育体制は決して十分とは言えない。資料を所蔵する図書館についてみても、近年、国書データベースに登録される古医書が増加しているとは言え、それを所蔵する東京大学・京都大学・慶應義塾大学等の古医書は、元来、近代以降の研究者の収書が基礎になっている場合が多く、組織的な収集が行なわれてきたとは言えない。1720年代以来、薬種業の町として発展してきた大阪・道修町にある武田科学振興財団杏雨書屋は、日本国内最大規模の古医書資料の収蔵機関である。関東大震災後（1923）に武田氏が着手した私財による収集を起点としたコレクションは、約100年の歴史を有し、国宝3点・重要文化財14点を含み、医学・本草学に関する日本・中国の書籍を中心に、洋学文献、敦煌文献、古文書などを収蔵し、現在も収集を継続している。杏雨書屋コレクションの概要を紹介するとともに、古典籍・古文書が日々失われていく現状、医学史・医療史研究に関する現状と課題にも言及する。
On the Holding Institutions of Japanese Medical Books - Focusing on the Kyo-u Library, Takeda Science Foundation
The abundance of medical Books characterizes Japanese culture in the East Asian world. Moreover, the history of medicine should be positioned as a field of Japanese studies, and although there has already been a great deal of previous research accumulated, the research and education system cannot be considered sufficient. In terms of libraries holding materials, the number of old medical books registered in Union Catalogue Database of Japanese Text has been increasing in recent years. However, the old medical books held by the University of Tokyo, Kyoto University, Keio University, and other universities are often based on the collections of modern researchers, and it cannot be said that systematic collection has been carried out. Kyo-u Library, Takeda Science Foundation, located in Doshomachi, Osaka, a town that has developed as a pharmaceutical town since the 1720s, is Japan's largest repository of old medical books and documents. The collection, which began as a private collection started by Mr. Takeda after the Great Kanto Earthquake (1923), has a history of about one hundred years and includes three national treasures and fourteen important cultural properties. The collection contains mainly Japanese and Chinese books on medicine and herbalism including Western studies documents and Dunhuang document and continues to expand to this day. In addition to presenting an overview of the Kyo-u Library collection, this study also addresses the ongoing loss of old books, as well as the current situation and issues in the field of medical history research.